Dialog : Between Teacher and Students
The scientific method
is a systematic means of exploring and explaining the world around us.
SCIENTIFIC METHOD STEPS
The exact number of steps to the scientific method depends on
how you break up the steps, but here is an overview of the basics:
- Make observations.
- Propose a hypothesis.
- Design and perform an experiment to test the hypothesis.
- Analyze your data to determine whether to accept or reject the hypothesis.
- If necessary, propose and test a new hypothesis.
Examples Dialog
Teacher : Mrs. Clara
Teacher : Mrs. Clara
Students : Raffi, Bayu, Novi, Sisi and Anisa.
On Thursday, Mrs.
Clara was teaching chemistry classes in the classroom. Students antigian follow
the lesson. Not to forget, Mr. Clara asked back last week's lesson about
"Petroleum".
Mrs. Clara: the students, last week we discussed about petroleum. Can you explain back "Petroleum" to me?
Raffi: (raises hand) petroleum is a widely used energy source for cooking, running vehicles and running machines in factories.
Sisi: (Raised hands) in my opinion, petroleum is a resource that can be processed into fuel, such as LPG, gasoline and diesel.
Bayu: * Nod my head * I understand what you mean.
Mrs. Clara: And we should also know, petroleum consists of a mixture of hydrocarbons. Successively, the largest components of petroleum are alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, alkenes and various carbon compounds containing oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur. To be utilized it needs to be separated by multilevel distillation, that is how to separate the petroleum fraction based on the difference of its boiling point in the stratified columns. Well, from the distillation obtained by the fraction of LNG, LPG, petroleum ether, gasoline, kerosene, diesel, oil, wax, and asphalt.
Novi: Mrs, I do not understand the oil fraction you are talking about. Please, explain about it again?
Mrs.Clara: petroleum has some fraction in pengelolahannya. As for the definition of petroleum fractionation is the process of separation of components in crude oil based on the difference of boiling point. Fractionation can also be referred to as a process of purifying oil in producing finished oil products.
Raffi: Some petroleum fraction I know, it is Gas - Naphtha - Petrol (Petrol) - Kerosene (Kerosene) - Solar (Diesel) - Lubricant - Paraffin residue.
Mrs. Clara: Yupssss, great for you raffi.
Novi: By the way, why are there so many types of gasoline? Example: Premium, pertalite and pertamax.
Mrs. Clara: the students, last week we discussed about petroleum. Can you explain back "Petroleum" to me?
Raffi: (raises hand) petroleum is a widely used energy source for cooking, running vehicles and running machines in factories.
Sisi: (Raised hands) in my opinion, petroleum is a resource that can be processed into fuel, such as LPG, gasoline and diesel.
Bayu: * Nod my head * I understand what you mean.
Mrs. Clara: And we should also know, petroleum consists of a mixture of hydrocarbons. Successively, the largest components of petroleum are alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, alkenes and various carbon compounds containing oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur. To be utilized it needs to be separated by multilevel distillation, that is how to separate the petroleum fraction based on the difference of its boiling point in the stratified columns. Well, from the distillation obtained by the fraction of LNG, LPG, petroleum ether, gasoline, kerosene, diesel, oil, wax, and asphalt.
Novi: Mrs, I do not understand the oil fraction you are talking about. Please, explain about it again?
Mrs.Clara: petroleum has some fraction in pengelolahannya. As for the definition of petroleum fractionation is the process of separation of components in crude oil based on the difference of boiling point. Fractionation can also be referred to as a process of purifying oil in producing finished oil products.
Raffi: Some petroleum fraction I know, it is Gas - Naphtha - Petrol (Petrol) - Kerosene (Kerosene) - Solar (Diesel) - Lubricant - Paraffin residue.
Mrs. Clara: Yupssss, great for you raffi.
Novi: By the way, why are there so many types of gasoline? Example: Premium, pertalite and pertamax.
(Bayu, Novi,
Raffi, Side and Anisa nodded together smilingly)
Anisa: Okay, I understand
Raffi: (raising hands) I want to add, the quality of gasoline is determined from the amount of explosion (knocking) caused during use. Sparks can be caused by burning too early, ie before the piston is in the right position. Cause The explosion of the effect mucin tickling, reducing the efficiency of fuel combustion and can damage the engine. Sides: Thus, we can conclude that the number of explosions is expressed by the octane number (octane number). The less explosive, the greater the octane number of gasoline it has.
Mrs. Clara: Excellent .. !! We need to know, To increase the production of gasoline can be done by: Cracking (cracking), namely breaking large molecules into small molecules. Reform, which is to change the structure of straight chain molecules into branching chains. Alkylation or polymerization, ie the incorporation of small molecules into large molecules.
(Mrs. Clara explains chemistry lessons on new material)
(Students listen, understand and ask explanations that are not understood)
Raffi: (raising hands) I want to add, the quality of gasoline is determined from the amount of explosion (knocking) caused during use. Sparks can be caused by burning too early, ie before the piston is in the right position. Cause The explosion of the effect mucin tickling, reducing the efficiency of fuel combustion and can damage the engine. Sides: Thus, we can conclude that the number of explosions is expressed by the octane number (octane number). The less explosive, the greater the octane number of gasoline it has.
Mrs. Clara: Excellent .. !! We need to know, To increase the production of gasoline can be done by: Cracking (cracking), namely breaking large molecules into small molecules. Reform, which is to change the structure of straight chain molecules into branching chains. Alkylation or polymerization, ie the incorporation of small molecules into large molecules.
(Mrs. Clara explains chemistry lessons on new material)
(Students listen, understand and ask explanations that are not understood)
Hello miss novi, please give me a simple definition of petroleum and what's the function of it?
BalasHapusHi mute, I'll try to answer your question.
HapusPetroleum is one of the results of natural wealth that can be learned into something useful in our lives.
Functions: As Fuel (LPG), Polymer Production Source, Fiber Production, Polyurethane Sources, Kitchen Utensils Products, Car Production Materials, Fertilizer Processing Sources, Power Generation, and Components of Drug Materials.
What is the relationship of Alkylation or polymerization with partamax ?
BalasHapusnovi, gasoline is a combustible material, does the octane value have an effect ?
BalasHapusIn the engine, a mixture of gasoline and air (gas) can burn itself spontaneously before being exposed to sparks from the spark plug. So, the higher the octane number, the longer it burns spontaneously.
HapusWhat distinguishes the quality of petroleum types?
BalasHapusI'll try to answer your question.
HapusDistinguishes the quality of petroleum types can be seen from the octane value it has. The higher the octane value contained in the gasoline, the better the quality.
The higher the octane number the better, what causes it can happen?
BalasHapusI'll try to answer your question.
HapusCauses it can happen because the octane number is a number that shows the composition ratio between the lururs chain (n-heptane) and the branched chain (isooktana). Karana gasoline composition consists of n-heptane and isooktana, low octane number can be increased by adding an anti-tapping additive substance that is processing alkana straight chain conversion into branching chains. Anti-tapping substances that have been used are:
Tetra Ethyl Lead (TEL), Ethyl Tertier Butyl Ether (ETBE), Tertier Amyl Methyl Ether (TAME) and Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE).
Why is kerosene no longer traded domestically
BalasHapusKerosene no longer traded domestically because the amount of kerosene is very small.
HapusWhat is octane number,and why its important
BalasHapusOctane number on gasoline,
HapusPertamax Plus, Octane = 95, Compression = 10: 1 - 11: 1
Pertamax, Octane = 92, Compression = 9: 1 - 10: 1
Premium, Octane = 82, Compression = 7: 1 - 9: 1
Important, because the octane number as a determinant of gasoline quality.
Can petroleum be depleted?
BalasHapusYes, it can. Petroleum be depleted if in continuous production without any specified period.
HapusWhat compounds are mostly contained in petroleum from Indonesia
BalasHapusThe largest components of petroleum are alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, alkenes and various carbon compounds containing oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur.
Hapus